Closed loop control of fuel cell with buck converter
Setting Up the MATLAB Environment
Creating the Simulink Model
Open MATLAB: Start by launching MATLAB on your computer.
Create a New Model: Go to the Home tab, click on "New," and select "Simulink Model" to open a blank model.
Adding the Fuel Cell
Navigate to Simscape: In the Simulink Library Browser, go to the Simscape section.
Select Power Systems: Within Simscape, choose "Power Systems," then "Electrical Drives," and finally "Sources."
Add Fuel Cell Stack: Drag the "Fuel Cell Stack" block into your model.
Configuring the Fuel Cell
Double Click the Fuel Cell Block: Open the parameters window.
Select Preset Model: Choose the "Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell" with a rating of 1.26 kW and 24 V DC.
Apply Settings: Click "Apply" and then "OK" to confirm your choice.
Implementing the Buck Converter
Adding Converter Components
Capacitor: Add a capacitor block for input capacitance.
Switch: Search for and add an IGBT (Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor) block.
Diode: Insert a diode block into your model.
LC Filter: Include an LC filter block. Set the inductance (L) and capacitance (C) as required.
Connecting the Components
Connect the Fuel Cell to the Converter: Link the fuel cell to the input side of the buck converter.
Add a Load: Incorporate a resistive load block.
Current Measurement: Use a current measurement block to monitor the load current.
Voltage Measurement: Add a voltage measurement block to measure the load voltage.
Designing the Closed-Loop Control System
Setting Up the Controller
Add Reference Voltage: Use a constant block to set a reference voltage of 12 V.
Subtractor Block: Connect the reference voltage to a subtractor block to compare it with the actual voltage.
PID Controller: Implement a PID controller block to regulate the output voltage.
Generating Pulse Signals
Pulse Generator: Use a PWM (Pulse Width Modulation) block to generate the control signals for the buck converter.
Simulation and Results
Running the Simulation
Set Simulation Parameters: Adjust the switching frequency and other simulation parameters as needed.
Execute the Simulation: Run the simulation and observe the results.
Analyzing the Results
Load Voltage: Ensure that the output voltage at the load is maintained at 12 V.
Load Current and Power: Verify the current and power at the load to ensure they match the expected values.
Input Voltage and Current: Check the input voltage and current from the fuel cell.
Conclusion
In this post, we demonstrated how to set up a closed-loop control system for a fuel cell with a buck converter using MATLAB. This setup helps in maintaining a stable output voltage while adjusting for any variations or faults in the system.
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