Solar PV Battery Powered BLDC motor Water Pump

Solar PV Battery Powered BLDC motor Water Pump

Introduction:

We will delve into a simulation model that focuses on the integration of solar PV, battery storage, and a vertical DC motor for water pumping applications. This model showcases the dynamic behavior of a sustainable system that harnesses solar power, stores energy in a battery, and efficiently drives a water pump using a DC motor.

Simulation Model Components:

1. Photovoltaic (PV) System:

• PV panels generate power with a single panel rating of 79.9 Watts.

• Two parallel strings of 14 series-connected PV panels create a 238V array.

• A boost converter, controlled by Incremental Conductance MPPT algorithm, optimizes power extraction based on changing solar conditions.

1. Battery System:

• A bidirectional converter connects the battery to the common DC bus.

• The battery ensures continuous power availability during variations in PV power.

• DC bus voltage is maintained at 310 volts through a proportional-integral (PI) controller.

1. Water Pump Drive System:

• A brushless DC (BLDC) motor drives the water pump.

• The motor control logic includes a back electromotive force (EMF) table, hall sensors, and an inverter.

• Speed control is achieved through pulse-width modulation (PWM) based on the back EMF signals.

Simulation Dynamics:

1. PV System Operation:

• The simulation dynamically adjusts PV power output based on changing irradiation levels.

• Incremental Conductance MPPT algorithm ensures the PV system operates at its maximum power point.

1. Battery Operation:

• The battery plays a crucial role in balancing power supply during variations in PV power.

• Charging and discharging modes are demonstrated as PV power fluctuates.

1. Water Pump Drive:

• The BLDC motor efficiently drives the water pump based on the available power.

• Speed control and electromagnetic torque generation are demonstrated through simulation.

Results and Operating Conditions:

1. PV and Battery Performance:

• PV voltage, current, and power vary with changing irradiation levels.

• Battery voltage and current exhibit shifts between charging and discharging modes.

1. DC Bus Voltage Control:

• The PI controller maintains the DC bus voltage at a constant level of 310 volts.

1. BLDC Motor Operation:

• The BLDC motor operates at a speed of 3000 RPM with an electromagnetic torque around 3 Nm.

1. System Performance during Irradiation Changes:

• Irradiation changes from 500 to 1000 to 500 Watts per square meter, impacting PV power and subsequent battery operation.

• The water pump continues to function efficiently despite variations in power availability.

Conclusion: 

This simulation model provides insights into the performance of a solar PV battery-powered water pump system. The integration of PV power, energy storage, and an efficient motor drive showcases the adaptability of such systems to changing environmental conditions.